| AAA: abdominal aortic aneurysm |
| ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme |
| AIDS: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
| ALT: alanine aminotransferase |
| AUDIT: Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test |
| BCG: bacille Calmette-Guérin |
| BE: barium enema |
| BHS: British Health Service |
| BMI: body mass index |
| BP: blood pressure |
| BSE: breast self-examination |
| CAGE: need to Cut down on drinking, Annoyed by criticism, Guilty about drinking, need for Eye-opener drinks (screening test for alcoholism) |
| CAS: carotid artery stenosis |
| CBE: clinical breast examination |
| CEA: carotid endarterectomy |
| CHD: coronary heart disease |
| CHS: Canadian Hypertension Society |
| CIN: cervical intraepithelial neoplasia |
| CNS: Canadian Neurosurgical Society |
| CT: computed tomography |
| CXR: chest radiography |
| DBP: diastolic blood pressure |
| DRE: digital rectal examination |
| DSM IV: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. |
| DTaP: diphtheria and tetanus toxoids + acellular pertussis vaccine |
| DTP: diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis |
| EIA: enzyme immunoassay |
| ERCP: endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
| FDA: Food and Drug Administration |
| FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 second |
| FOBT: fecal occult blood test |
| FTA-ABS: fluorescent treponemal antibody, absorbed test |
| GVHD: graft vs. host disease |
| HAV: hepatitis A virus |
| HbA1c: glycosylated hemoglobin |
| HbsAg: hepatitis B surface antigen |
| HBV: hepatitis B virus |
| HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma |
| HDL: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol |
| Hib: Haemophilus influenzae Type B |
| HIV: human immunodeficiency virus |
| HMG-CoA: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A |
| HPV: human papillomavirus |
| HRT: hormone replacement therapy |
| IM: intramuscular(ly) |
| INH: isoniazid |
| INR: international normalized ratio |
| IPV: inactivated poliovirus vaccine |
| IV: intravenous(ly) |
| LDCT: low-dose computed tomography |
| LDL: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol |
| MI: myocardial infarction |
| MMR: measles-mumps-rubella |
| MPA: medroxyprogesterone acetate |
| NCEP: National Cholesterol Education Program |
| NIDDKD: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases |
| NIDR: National Institute of Dental Research |
| NIH: National Institutes of Health |
| NNH: number needed to harm |
| NNT: number needed to treat |
| OGTT: oral glucose tolerance test |
| OPV: oral poliovirus vaccine |
| OR: odds ratio |
| PAD: peripheral atherosclerotic disease |
| PEF: peak expiratory flow |
| PPD: purified protein derivative (tuberculin) |
| PRIME-MD: Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders |
| PSA: prostate-specific antigen |
| QALY: quality-adjusted life-year |
| RCT: randomized controlled trial |
| RPR: rapid plasmin reagin test |
| RR: relative risk |
| SBP: systolic blood pressure |
| STD: sexually transmitted disease |
| SVS: Society of Vascular Surgeons |
| TB: tuberculosis |
| TC: total cholesterol |
| Td: tetanus-diphtheria toxoid |
| TRUS: transrectal ultrasonography |
| TSH: thyroid-stimulating hormone |
| VDRL: Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (test for syphilis) |
| WHO: World Health Organization |